The Estonian CIT, introduced into the Polish tax system in 2021, is one of the most intriguing tax optimization options available to entrepreneurs in Poland. Inspired by a system that has been in place in Estonia for over 20 years, it brings a revolutionary approach to taxing capital companies – tax is paid only when…
Are you running a small tech company – perhaps developing apps, working on AI software, or designing hardware? If so, you likely want to focus on innovation rather than paperwork. However, managing a Tax Book of Revenues and Expenses (KPiR) is a legal requirement for many small businesses in Poland, including yours. In this guide,…
Are you a foreign investor looking to set up a company in Poland in 2025? Poland offers a stable legal environment, a skilled workforce, and access to a 450-million-consumer EU market. This comprehensive guide walks you through the process—from choosing a legal form to tax optimization and support resources. Discover how Innoglobal can help you…
A limited liability company (“spółka z ograniczoną odpowiedzialnością” in Polish) is one of the most popular forms of business organization in Poland. Thanks to the limited liability of shareholders and the possibility of tax optimization, it is an attractive option for both aspiring entrepreneurs and larger companies. This article provides a detailed guide to setting…
In the competitive business landscape, where groundbreaking technologies meet market challenges, effective B2B outreach marketing is crucial for acquiring strategic partners, clients, and investors, especially for deep-tech startups. However, dynamic growth must go hand-in-hand with legal awareness. Violating regulations, particularly the GDPR, can cost companies millions and destroy their reputation. So, how can businesses conduct outreach effectively and legally in…
The Simple Joint-Stock Company (Prosta Spółka Akcyjna, PSA) is an innovative legal structure that has revolutionized the Polish capital market. Designed with startups and innovative enterprises in mind, the PSA offers flexibility and simplifications that are crucial in today’s rapidly changing business environment. Importantly, a PSA can be established by even a single shareholder, which…
(Author: Kacper Warzecha, Legal Counsel. Edited by CT) Intellectual property (IP) plays a pivotal role in protecting innovations and building a competitive edge. In Poland, companies can leverage various forms of IP protection, including patents for inventions, trade secrets, know-how, copyrights, trademarks, and industrial designs. The choice of protection depends on the nature of the…
(Author: Kacper Warzecha, Legal Counsel. Edited by CT) Navigating the structure of a Polish limited liability company (sp. z o.o.) can be challenging, especially when it comes to understanding the legal differences between shareholders and the management board. In this guide, we break down their roles, responsibilities, and key distinctions to help you manage your…
(Author: Kacper Warzecha, Legal Counsel. Edited by CT) Management board members in entities such as limited liability companies (sp. z o.o.), joint-stock companies (spółka akcyjna), and foundations (fundacja) conducting business activity in Poland bear multifaceted responsibility for their actions and omissions. This responsibility extends towards the entity they represent, third parties, and state authorities. In…
Startup valuation is an art that combines numbers, intuition, and common sense. In the world of new technologies—where many companies have yet to generate revenue—traditional financial approaches often fail. So how can we accurately assess the value of a young company? Is the founder’s experience a reliable key to success, or perhaps the biggest trap?…